土壤碳氮循环概论

课程编码：1801010830I0P1007Y 英文名称：Introduction to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling 课时：60 学分：3.00 课程属性：学科核心课 主讲教师：徐星凯

The soil carbon and nitrogen cycling is of great significance to the global greenhouse gas emission and control. This course is designed for foreign graduate students in soil science and related fields. It will give students a general view of soil carbon and nitrogen cycling, with particular attention to production and consumption of greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) and carbon sequestration in soils and their responses to climate changes and human activities. Some research advances and research methods in the field of soil carbon and nitrogen cycles are also introduced. A series of seminar with students are incorporated into lectures according to several major research aspects proposed within the contents of the course. The presentation of students will be followed by discussion during which other students in class are encouraged to give questions or comments. Students are expected to attend class regularly, which will be incorporated into a final score of this course. Each student should be expected to give a report at the end of the course. This course aims to provide foreign graduate students a general understanding of concepts, theories, research methods, and advances in the field of soil carbon and nitrogen cycling.

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第一章 Background of soil carbon and nitrogen cycling 3.0学时 徐星凯
第1节 Brief introduction to global soil organic and inorganic carbon and nitrogen stocks in terrestrial ecosystems
第2节 Importance of soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics in regulating terrestrial ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations
第3节 Uncertainty of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils caused by climate changes and human activities
第二章 Soil carbon cycling and its influencing factors 18.0学时 徐星凯
第1节 Carbon input, forms, transformations, and stabilization in soils
第2节 Components and properties of soil organic matter (SOM) including dissolved organic matter and its role in influencing soil function (e.g. sources and biodegradation of dissolved organic matter, indicators of SOM dynamic and soil quality, impact of SOM on soil properties, and responses of SOM dynamic to environmental changes)
第3节 Soil respiration and its components and their responses to climate changes and human activities
第4节 Production and consumption of methane and other gaseous hydrocarbon in soils and influencing factors
第5节 Responses of soil methane and other gaseous hydrocarbon fluxes to climate changes and human activities
第6节 Suitable management practices for enhancing organic carbon sequestration in soils and reducing soil carbon loss and/or methane flux (e.g. farmland management, usage of biochar, forest management, and land use changes)
第三章 Soil nitrogen cycling and its influencing factors 18.0学时 徐星凯
第1节 Outline of soil nitrogen cycling, soil nitrogen forms, and stabilization
第2节 Transformations and leaching of organic and inorganic nitrogen in soils and their influencing factors
第3节 Production and consumption of nitrous oxide and other gaseous nitrogen compounds in soils and influencing factors
第4节 Responses of soil nitrous oxide and other gaseous nitrogen emissions to climate changes and human activities
第5节 Suitable management practices for improving fertilizer-nitrogen utilization efficiency and reducing nitrogen losses in soils (e.g. farmland management, usage of biochar, and long-term field experiments)
第四章 Methods of studying carbon and nitrogen cycling processes in soils 15.0学时 徐星凯
第1节 Brief introduction to several major measurement methods
第2节 Case studies using stable isotope technology and modern biology methods to characterize the specific processes of carbon and nitrogen cycling in soils (e.g. the decomposition of soil organic carbon, soil heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration, the sources of nitrous oxide emission, indicators of N saturation in forest ecosystems, and production and consumption of methane)
第3节 Review of meta-analysis in the field of soil carbon and nitrogen cycling
第4节 Experimental design and data analysis of relevant factors and dose-effect experiments in the field of soil carbon and nitrogen cycling
第五章 Summary and review questions 3.0学时 徐星凯
第1节 Summary and review questions
第六章 Final examination 3.0学时 徐星凯
第1节 Final examination

Xingkai Xu has been a full professor at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) since 2005. He received B.S. degree in agricultural science from Anhui Agricultural University and Ph.D. degree in soil science from Institute of Applied Ecology, CAS, in 1993 and 1998, respectively. From November 1996 to April 1997, Mr. Xu worked as a research fellow at the Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Science, University of Ghent, Belgium. From July 1998 to June 2000, Dr. Xu worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, CAS. From January to April 2000, he worked as a research fellow at the Delft Technical University, The Netherlands. From November 2002 to November 2004, he worked as a JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion Science) research fellow at the Chiba University, Japan. In March 2005, he received an awardee of CAS Hundred Talents. From August to September 2012, he worked as a JSPS-bridge research fellow at the Chiba University, Japan. From January to March, 2020, he worked as a JSPS Invitational fellow at the Yamagata University. He is mainly interested in terrestrial carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry: carbon and nitrogen cycling in soil and greenhouse gases. He has been a member of International Agrophysics since 2012 and a guest editor of Forests since 2022 till 2024. The course “Soil Carbon and Nitrogen processes and Greenhouse Gases” taught by him won the honor of College-level Excellent Course Award for Graduate Students of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2021 and in 2022. He won the Pollyanna Chu Outstanding Teacher Award of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2021.